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连载九 怎么给猪配种，配种管理指南

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前言
前言 Foreword
丹育猪以高产著名于世，但由于猪场建设、饲养管理等诸多方面的挑战，让丹育猪在中国的生产性能未能达到预期，但丹育种猪在中国养猪业的受青睐程度仍越来越高 。猪译馆特收集整理了一系列丹育相关资料，目前正在转载由喜肉科技携手英联饲料和华扬种猪联合推出的丹麦养猪研究中心制作的丹育《配种管理手册》，敬请关注 。
编者的话 Editor’s Note
配种是新一轮生产的开始，配种质量会直接影响受胎率、分娩率、产仔数、断奶数等一系列关键的KPI 。因此配种舍的正确管理有助于提高和维持母猪高产、稳产 。本手册详细讲解了不同生产模式下查情和配种的各种技巧，其中很多章节图文并茂可以直接作为SOP使用 。
16. 体况
Body Condition
16.1
16.1妊娠母猪主要根据体况来饲喂
Pregnant Sows Should Be Fed Primarily By Body Condition
配种4周后转入妊娠舍的母猪按照正常的饲喂曲线饲喂 。
By inserting in the gestation unit 4 weeks after mating, the group is placed on the normal feed curve.
如果将较弱的猪群以中间体况为标准分群，母猪的饲喂应分别按照曲线A和B 。
If the weakly group is split down the middle the sows are fed after curve A and B.
过肥或过瘦的母猪应根据曲线1或3进行单独饲喂 。
Different sows should be fed individually according to curve 1 or 3.
曲线1：体况肥的母猪
Curve 1: Fat sows
曲线A：体型大的母猪
Curve A: Big sows
曲线2：体况适中的母猪
Curve 2: Average sows
曲线B：体型小的母猪
Curve B: Small sows
曲线3：体况瘦的母猪
Curve 3: Skinny sows
曲线4：后备母猪
Curve 4: Gilts

连载九 怎么给猪配种，配种管理指南



体况不好的母猪要转入备用的圈舍 。
Sows that come in poor body condition are moved to the spare unit.
肥的母猪分娩时更易出现问题，因此需要更多的助产 。且它们的腿部疾病也会更多，从而造成淘汰率增加 。
Fat sows are more likely to get farrowing problems and thus greater need for farrowing assistance.Furthermore, they have more leg fractures and thus higher mortality.
在冬季，由于温度较低，饲喂曲线应普遍上升 。
In winter season the curves are regulated upwards due to the lower temperature.
【连载九 怎么给猪配种，配种管理指南】1.产房中肥的母猪比普通体况的母猪吃的少，从而导致断奶仔猪体重偏小 。
Fat sows eat less in the farrowing unit than sows in normal body condition. This gives small pigs at weaning.
2.过肥或过瘦的母猪的总饲料消耗量比体况稳定的母猪多 。（大约100 个饲料单位/胎）
Sows which vary in body condition, have greater total feed consumption than sows with stable body condition (approx. 100 FU/litter)
3.瘦弱的母猪有肩伤、腿部疾病和返情的概率比较大 。
Skinny sows have greater risk of shoulder wounds, leg problems and returning.
16.2
16.2补充说明: 体况
Additional Comments: Body Condition
如果经产母猪和后备母猪在配种后立即转入妊娠舍，在开始的4周里这些栏位要锁起来（除了英国） 。这样可以单独饲喂母猪，保证母猪在配种4周后的群养前，能达到一致的体况 。实验表明，配种后开始的4周里每天饲喂3.8个饲料单位的饲料对较瘦母猪的窝产仔数有正面的影响，但对后备母猪会产生负面的影响 。母猪由于哺乳失重而出现的能量不平衡会造成流产 。母猪在生完第4胎后才结束生长，所以年轻的母猪需要给予额外的饲料 。
If the sows and gilts are placed in the gestation unit just after mating, the boxes are locked in the first 4 weeks (except UK). This makes it possible to feed the animals individually, thus ensuring a uniform body condition when the animals are loosened 4 weeks after mating. Experiments have shown a positive effect on the litter size with skinny sows at a high feed strength 3,8 FU per day in the first 4 weeks after mating. In gilts, there is a negative impact of high feed strength in these 4 weeks. A possible weight loss from the farrowing unit should urgently be obtained since sows in negative energy balance may abort. The sows are only fully grown after 4th litter, so therefore young sows should receive extra feed.

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